Pakistan is a South Asian country located in the Indus Valley region along the Arabian Sea coastline. It is bordered by India, Afghanistan, Iran, and China. It has an area of 881,913 sq km and is the world’s sixth most populous country with a population of approximately 207 million people. The capital of Pakistan is Islamabad, with other major cities including Lahore, Karachi, Peshawar, and Quetta. The official language is Urdu, with English being widely spoken in major cities. Pakistan’s economy is primarily based on agriculture, with the services sector also making up a significant portion of the economy. The country is home to a variety of cultures and ethnic groups, including Punjabis, Pashtuns, Sindhis, Balochis, and Kashmiris. Furthermore, Pakistan is a major hub for Islamic culture and education, with many Islamic universities and madrassas located throughout the country.